Miya Pearson
Sleep disorders can be a result of difficulty falling asleep or dozing off at inappropriate times. Some common prescription medications for insomnia include Eszopiclone, Zaleplon, Zolpidem, Zopiclone, and Suvorexant (Belsomra). These medications are hypnotics or sedatives that can help induce sleep and, in some cases, maintain sleep. It is important to note that these medications come with risks of dependency and misuse, and they may cause side effects such as hallucinations, mood changes, and memory loss. Other prescription medications for insomnia include Ambien, Dayvigo, Quviviq, Lunesta, and Restoril, while over-the-counter options include Unisom and ZzzQuil. Additionally, Doxepin (Silenor) is a sleep aid that may be prescribed for short-term use for up to 3 months to help individuals fall asleep and stay asleep.
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What You'll Learn
Zolpidem (Ambien, Intermezzo, Zolpimist)
Zolpidem, also known by its brand names Ambien, Intermezzo, Zolpimist, Edluar, and Ambien CR, is a sedative-hypnotic medication used for the short-term treatment of insomnia or sleeplessness. It is not a benzodiazepine, although it works similarly by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain. Zolpidem is available by prescription and helps people fall asleep.
Zolpidem is available in various forms, including tablets, extended-release tablets, sublingual tablets, and oral sprays. It is important to note that Zolpidem may cause drowsiness for several hours after taking the medication, so it is recommended to go to bed right after taking it and stay in bed for 7 to 8 hours. The sublingual tablets (Intermezzo) should only be taken when already in bed and able to remain in bed for at least 4 more hours.
Zolpidem may cause serious and possibly life-threatening sleep behaviours. Some individuals who took Zolpidem have reported engaging in activities such as driving, preparing food, or making phone calls while not fully awake, and later having no memory of these actions. Therefore, it is crucial to consult a doctor if you have experienced any unusual sleep behaviour while taking Zolpidem. Additionally, inform your doctor if you have a history of alcohol or substance misuse, as Zolpidem can be addictive, and physical dependence may develop within a few weeks, even when used as recommended.
Zolpidem should be used with caution, and it is important to follow the prescribed dosage. It is advised not to take more than one sleeping pill on the same night. If you wake up in the middle of the night after taking Zolpidem, refrain from taking another sleeping pill, including the Zolpidem sublingual tablet (Intermezzo). Be sure to inform your doctor and pharmacist if you are taking any other medications, including herbal products such as St. John's wort, as they may interact with Zolpidem.
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Zaleplon (Sonata)
Zaleplon, previously sold under the brand name Sonata, is a prescription sleep medication for adults used to treat insomnia or trouble falling asleep. It is a type of sedative-hypnotic called a non-benzodiazepine, or "z-drug". Zaleplon is a controlled substance due to its potential for misuse and dependence. It is available in capsule form and should be taken orally right before bed or when already in bed and unable to fall asleep. It is important to note that Zaleplon should only be used for short periods, such as 1-2 days, and generally no longer than 1-2 weeks.
Zaleplon works by activating gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA-A) receptors in the brain, which helps calm the brain and facilitates falling asleep. While it can be effective in aiding sleep, Zaleplon also has side effects that users should be aware of. The most common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and an increased risk of falling, especially for older adults. Zaleplon may also cause short-term memory loss and worsen depression, leading to suicidal thoughts or actions in rare cases. It is important to consult a healthcare provider if any of these side effects occur.
Next-day drowsiness is another potential side effect of Zaleplon. Users may feel dizzy or drowsy the morning after taking the medication, especially if they did not get a full night's sleep (7-8 hours) or consumed alcohol. Zaleplon can also cause abnormal thoughts and behaviours, with some users reporting engaging in activities while not fully awake, such as sleepwalking, cooking, or driving, without remembering these actions the next day.
Zaleplon may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions. For example, those with sleep apnea, mild to moderate liver disease, or a history of drug abuse or dependence should use it with caution. It is important to consult a healthcare provider before taking Zaleplon to ensure it is safe and appropriate for your specific circumstances.
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Eszopiclone (Fulnite, Zolnite, Zopimin S, Bexomer, Zopipure)
Eszopiclone is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug, primarily used to treat insomnia. It is a sedative-hypnotic that increases the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA is a neurotransmitter, a chemical messenger that slows down brain activity to produce a calming effect, helping you sleep. Eszopiclone is available in India under various brand names, including:
Fulnite
Fulnite is manufactured by Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd and is available in 1 mg and 2 mg doses.
Zolnite
Zolnite is another brand name for Eszopiclone, also manufactured by Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd. It is available in 1 mg and 2 mg doses.
Zopimin S
Zopimin S is produced by Psyco Remedies and is available in 1 mg and 2 mg doses.
Bexomer
Bexomer is a brand name for Eszopiclone, available in 1 mg and 2 mg doses.
Zopipure
Zopipure is an Eszopiclone tablet that should be swallowed whole with a glass of water. It is important to consult a doctor before taking this medication and to inform them of any other prescription or over-the-counter medications, vitamins, or herbal products you may be using. Common side effects include headache, dizziness, taste changes, dry mouth, chills, cough, fever, hoarseness, lower back or side pain, and drowsiness. Zopipure should not be used in conjunction with alcohol as it may increase dizziness or drowsiness.
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Doxepin (Silenor)
Doxepin, also known by its brand name Silenor, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) used to treat insomnia in people who have trouble staying asleep. It is available only via prescription from a doctor. Doxepin works by slowing down activity in the brain, allowing sleep. It is usually taken once a day, within 30 minutes of bedtime, and should be taken exactly as directed. It is important to note that Doxepin may cause drowsiness, so it is advised to refrain from activities that require alertness, such as driving, after taking the medication. Additionally, it may interact with certain medications, such as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, so it is important to inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking.
Doxepin is available in different forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquid. When taking Doxepin tablets for insomnia, it is important to follow the directions on the prescription label carefully. It is recommended to go to bed right after taking the medication and stay in bed for 7 to 8 hours. If you experience any unusual problems or side effects while taking Doxepin, it is important to consult your doctor or pharmacist.
The cost of Silenor can vary, with the authorized generic costing $99 or less and the brand name version costing $115 or less, depending on insurance coverage.
While Doxepin is effective in treating insomnia, it is important to weigh the risks and benefits of taking any medication. Studies have not been performed on the effects of Doxepin on children below 12 years of age for treating depression, anxiety, or insomnia, so the safety and efficacy for this age group are not established. Additionally, elderly patients may experience unwanted effects, such as confusion or unusual drowsiness, and may require adjustments in dosage. It is important to consult a doctor to determine if Doxepin is suitable for your specific circumstances.
If you are considering taking Doxepin, it is important to discuss it with your doctor, especially if you have any allergies or are taking other medications. Your doctor will be able to provide personalized advice and guidance based on your medical history and current health status.
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Suvorexant (Belsomra)
Suvorexant, also known as Belsomra, is a medication used to treat insomnia or sleeplessness. It is available in India through GNH India, a certified pharmaceutical wholesaler, supplier, exporter, and importer. GNH India offers Belsomra in the form of film-coated tablets with a strength of 5 mg/1 ml.
Suvorexant is an orexin antagonist, meaning it blocks the action of orexin, a neurotransmitter that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. By blocking orexin receptors in the brain, suvorexant promotes sleep. It is recommended for individuals who struggle with falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep.
The typical dosage of suvorexant for treating insomnia is 5 mg taken by mouth at night time. If the 5 mg dose is not effective, it can be increased to 10 mg. However, patients should not increase the dose on their own without medical advice. Suvorexant should be used with caution in certain populations. For example, it is not recommended for individuals with an allergy to suvorexant, those with narcolepsy, or pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Additionally, suvorexant interacts with several other medications and substances. It should be used with caution in patients taking anti-viral medicines, antibiotics, antifungal medicines, and other drugs. Patients are advised to inform their doctor about all prescription and non-prescription medications, vitamins, and herbal products they are taking. Moreover, suvorexant should not be used if the patient has consumed alcohol that evening or before bed, as it may impair driving or other activities that require alertness.
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Frequently asked questions
Sleeping pills that are available in India include Zaleplon, Zolpidem, Zopiclone, and Eszopiclone. Some brand names for these medications include Zaso, Stilnite, Zoldem, Zopicon, Fulnite, and Zolnite.
Some common brand name sleeping pills include Silenor (Doxepin), Belsomra (Suvorexant), Sonata (Zaleplon), Ambien (Zolpidem), Lunesta, and Restoril.
Some OTC sleeping pills include Unisom and ZzzQuil.
Potential side effects of sleeping pills can include central nervous system (CNS) depression, CNS impairments, dependency, misuse, hallucinations, mood changes, and memory loss.
