Miya Pearson
Linux users may encounter issues with their system going to sleep and becoming unresponsive to keyboard or power button inputs. This issue may be attributed to various factors, such as CPU type, power management settings, BIOS configurations, or driver compatibility. To address this problem, users can explore different solutions, including adjusting BIOS settings, enabling wake-up options in the motherboard BIOS/UEFI, reinstalling or updating drivers, or utilizing the rtcwake utility to automate system suspension and wake-up routines. It is important to note that specific steps may vary depending on the Linux distribution and hardware configuration.
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What You'll Learn
Check BIOS settings
The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is an essential component of a computer, responsible for initializing hardware and providing a interface for system settings. It is typically stored in the CMOS, although manufacturers are not required to follow this convention and can store BIOS settings wherever and however they choose.
There is no generic way for an OS to access the system BIOS, and doing so would require manufacturers to provide detailed information and established standards. However, there are a few methods to check and modify BIOS settings in Linux:
Using the Command-Line Interface (CLI):
You can use specific commands in the terminal to interact with the BIOS. For example, the dmidecode command can be used to retrieve BIOS information such as the version, release date, and system manufacturer. Running `dmidecode` as root can generate detailed information about your system. Additionally, the biosdecode utility can parse the BIOS memory and print information about various structures and entry points.
Vendor-Specific Tools:
BIOS settings can often be modified using vendor-specific tools. For instance, HPE servers use the "ilorest" tool, while Redfish is the successor to IPMI and is used by some vendors.
UEFI Settings Tool:
A tool called "uefisettings" can be used to modify BIOS settings. This tool is available on GitHub and provides a way to access and change BIOS settings.
Coreboot:
Coreboot is a free software project that aims to replace the proprietary BIOS firmware found in most computers. It offers an alternative way to manage BIOS settings and provides more flexibility and control to users.
It is important to note that modifying BIOS settings can have security implications. Legitimate software access to the BIOS could potentially create opportunities for malicious software to exploit vulnerabilities. Therefore, it is crucial to approach BIOS modifications with caution and ensure that appropriate safeguards are in place.
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Reinstall drivers
Reinstalling drivers on Linux can be a daunting task, especially for those transitioning from Windows or MacOS, as Linux does not have a standardised driver installation process. Each Linux operating system and hardware device may require a unique approach.
Firstly, it is important to determine whether the driver is already installed on your system. This can be done by using the `lspci` command, which shows detailed information about all PCI buses and devices on the system. For example, typing `lspci | grep SAMSUNG` will indicate whether a Samsung driver is installed. The `dmesg` command will show all device drivers recognised by the kernel. If nothing is recognised by these commands, you can try `lsusb` or `lsusb | grep
If the driver is not installed, you can check for available drivers through helper programs like Package Manager for GNOME, or the Additional Drivers option in Ubuntu. If you are unable to find a driver through the user interface, you may need to use the shell. You then have two options: use a repository, or download, compile, and build the driver yourself. Using a repository involves adding a repository and updating the package cache with commands like `yum`, `dnf`, or `apt-get`. This is similar to the homebrew command in MacOS. Downloading, compiling, and building a driver yourself typically involves downloading a package directly from a website and running the configuration file and Makefile to install it.
Before installing a new driver, you will likely need to install a development package for your kernel, such as `kernel-devel`, as well as `make` and `gcc`. Then, read the `INSTALL` or `README` file that comes with the driver to learn the correct sequence of commands to build and install it. The most general way to install things in Linux involves running three commands in the directory the sources for the driver are located: `./configure`, `make`, and `make install`. The last command is generally called with superuser privileges, using `sudo`, `gksu`, or something similar.
It is worth noting that most Linux drivers are open-source and integrated into the system, so installing new drivers can be complicated. Additionally, some drivers are not open-source and are not shipped with certain distros due to philosophical reasons or legal restrictions. For example, Nvidia drivers must be downloaded and installed manually because they are not accepted in the Linux kernel. However, some Linux distributions put Nvidia drivers into their repositories to make the process easier.
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Use rtcwake utility
The rtcwake utility is a command-line tool that allows you to put your Linux system into a sleep or hibernate state and automatically wake it up at a specific time. It is included by default with most Linux systems and can be used to wake your computer from suspend at a specified time.
To use the rtcwake utility, you need to have root permissions or run it with sudo on Ubuntu and other Ubuntu-derived distributions. On Linux distributions that don't use sudo, you need to log in as root using the su command.
Sudo rtcwake -m no -l -t "$(date +%s -d 'tomorrow 09:00')"
In this example, the -m no option tells rtcwake not to suspend the computer immediately, but only set the wake-up time. The -l option assumes that the hardware clock is set to local time, and the -t option sets the wake-up time to 9:00 AM tomorrow.
You can also run a specific program after waking your system up using the "&&" operator. For example:
Sudo rtcwake -m mem -l -t "$(date +%s -d 'tomorrow 09:00')" && firefox
This command will suspend your system to memory, wake it up at 9:00 AM tomorrow, and then launch Firefox.
It's important to note that rtcwake uses your computer's hardware clock, which can be set in your BIOS. If you have a faulty CMOS battery, the rtcwake command may not work consistently.
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Use the fg command
The fg command is a built-in shell utility used to bring background jobs to the foreground in Unix-like operating systems. This is particularly useful when you need to run multiple tasks simultaneously, and some of these tasks are pushed to the background to free up the terminal for other tasks. The fg command allows for the management of these jobs by enabling the user to bring them back into the foreground when necessary. This is especially useful for tasks that require direct interaction or monitoring.
The fg command makes this process seamless by simply bringing the most recently suspended or background job back to the foreground, allowing you to resume or interact with it directly without needing to remember its specific job ID. The command inherently assumes the last job when no specific job ID is provided, allowing for a quick return to work on or monitor that process.
In more complex scenarios where you are managing multiple background tasks, you may need to focus on a specific job instead of the most recent one. You can do this by using the fg %job_id command, which allows you to identify and immediately bring a specific task to the foreground with precision. The %job_id is a placeholder for the job identifier, which is a unique integer prefixed by a percent sign (%). It corresponds to a job's ID assigned by the shell when it was put into the background.
For example, if you have multiple jobs and want to bring the second job to the foreground, you can use the fg %2 command. This will bring the second job to the foreground, regardless of how many other jobs are running concurrently.
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Change power settings
To change the power settings of a Linux device, you can use the rtcwake command. This command allows you to automatically sleep, hibernate, or shut down your computer and then turn it back on at a specific time. It uses the real-time clock (RTC) to determine when your computer will wake up. The RTC is the hardware clock in your computer's BIOS.
To use the rtcwake command, you need root privileges or sudo permissions. You can verify if rtcwake is available on your system by checking the man page or documentation for your specific Linux distribution. If it's not installed, you can easily install it.
Sudo rtcwake -m no -l -t $(date +%s -d 'tomorrow 06:30')
You can also use the -s option to specify a number of seconds in the future for the wake-up time. For example, -s 60 wakes your computer up in 60 seconds. Additionally, you can use the && operator to run a specific command after rtcwake wakes your system from sleep. For example:
Rtcwake command - suspends your computer to RAM, wakes it up two minutes later, and then launches Firefox
You can also automate the rtcwake command to run on specific days or at certain intervals by creating a cron job. This can be done by editing the crontab file and selecting an editor.
It's important to note that the rtcwake command relies on a functioning CMOS battery to keep the clock running properly. If you have an old computer with a dying CMOS battery, this command may not work consistently.
Additionally, be cautious when setting a laptop to automatically wake up at a specific time. You wouldn't want it to turn on, run, and overheat or drain its battery in a confined space like a laptop bag.
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Frequently asked questions
You can try enabling wake up in the motherboard BIOS/UEFI. You should also enable USB, mouse, and keyboard.
Try reinstalling the driver. If that doesn't work, you can try upgrading your kernel.
You can try entering "ignore" for the ACPI events in /etc/systemd/logind.conf and "no" for the allow sleep states in /etc/systemd/sleep.conf.
If the process is sleeping due to a signal that stops it, you can use the fg command to bring it to the foreground.
You can use the rtcwake utility, which is preinstalled in most Linux distros, to wake your computer at a specific time.
