Ashwin Lewis
Choosing a backpacking sleeping bag can be a confusing task, but it's an essential piece of gear for camping. The most important factors to consider are the type of insulation, temperature rating, weight and packability, and shape. Backpacking sleeping bags typically have two types of insulation: down feathers or synthetic fibres. Down insulation is generally warmer, lighter, and more compressible, but it is more expensive and loses its insulating properties when wet. Synthetic insulation is more durable and moisture-resistant, but it is usually heavier and bulkier. The temperature rating of a sleeping bag indicates the lowest temperature at which it is designed to keep the average sleeper warm. It's important to consider the expected temperatures and your personal metabolism when choosing the temperature rating. The weight and packability of the sleeping bag are crucial if you need to carry it in a backpack, and the shape (mummy, rectangular, or modified mummy) can also affect warmth and weight.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Temperature Rating | The temperature rating identifies the lowest temperature at which the bag was designed to keep the average sleeper warm. |
| Insulation Type | Down feathers or synthetic fibres. Down is the warmest, lightest, and most packable, but it is expensive and loses its ability to insulate when wet. Synthetic bags are more durable and cheaper, but bulkier and heavier. |
| Shape | Mummy bags are the most thermally efficient and minimise weight, but rectangular bags are roomier. |
| Weight | The warmer the bag, the heavier it will be. |
| Packability | Down bags pack smaller than synthetic bags of equivalent warmth. |
| Sex | Women are more comfortable in bags made for women, which are shaped differently and have extra insulation in certain areas. |
| Price | Down bags are more expensive than synthetic bags. |
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What You'll Learn
Insulation type: down feathers or synthetic fibres
When choosing a backpacking sleeping bag, one of the most important factors to consider is the type of insulation. The two primary types of insulation are down feathers and synthetic fibres.
Down bags are made from the soft, fluffy plumage found underneath the exterior feathers on waterfowl such as ducks and geese. Down is prized for its ability to trap air, providing excellent insulation while remaining light, compressible, long-lasting, and breathable. High-quality down (800- to 900-fill or higher) is the warmest, lightest, and most packable insulation available, but it is also the most expensive. Lower-quality down (600- to 700-fill) is a more affordable option but is heavier and bulkier. One of the main drawbacks of down is its tendency to clump and lose its insulating properties when it gets wet. However, proprietary treatments have been developed to make down more water-resistant, allowing it to withstand light moisture.
Synthetic bags, on the other hand, are made from polyester fibres. They are a popular choice due to their high level of insulation, durability, and fast-drying capabilities. Synthetic bags are generally more affordable than down bags and require less care in cleaning and storage. They perform better when wet, as they do not clump together and lose insulation like down. Synthetic insulators can be either short-staple or continuous filament. Short-staple insulations use densely packed fine-denier filaments to minimize heat loss, resulting in a soft, flexible, and highly compressible bag. Continuous-filament insulations, on the other hand, use thicker filaments that are lofty, strong, and durable but less compressible.
When choosing between down and synthetic insulation, consider the environment and conditions in which the bag will be used, as well as your budget and experience level. Down bags are typically warmer, lighter, and more compressible, making them ideal for dry locations. Synthetic bags, while heavier and bulkier, offer better value for money and are more durable and moisture-resistant.
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Temperature rating
The temperature rating of a sleeping bag is one of the most important factors to consider when choosing a backpacking sleeping bag. The temperature rating identifies the lowest temperature at which the bag was designed to keep the average sleeper warm. However, it's important to note that temperature ratings are not always accurate and can vary between manufacturers. To address this issue, manufacturers have started to use the European Norm 13537 (EN 13537) standard, which is a standardized test designed to measure sleeping bag warmth. This has been adopted by most of the industry to provide consistent temperature ratings across different companies.
When choosing a sleeping bag based on temperature rating, it's important to consider your own body metabolism and whether you tend to feel cold or warm easily. If you get cold easily, it is recommended to select a bag rated 20 to 25 degrees colder than the coldest temperatures you plan to encounter. On the other hand, if you don't get cold easily, you may be comfortable with a bag rated around 5 to 15 degrees colder than the expected low temperatures. Additionally, consider the time of year and the elevation of your trip, as these will impact the temperature range you'll need your bag to cover.
For a basic three-season bag, a good starting point is to look for a sex-specific bag with a temperature rating of around 32 degrees Fahrenheit or 0 degrees Celsius. However, it's important to remember that other factors, such as your clothing, tent, sleeping pad, and exertion level, will also affect your warmth. Therefore, it's recommended to choose a bag with a warmth rating 15 degrees better than the forecasted overnight low temperature.
The shape of the sleeping bag also influences its temperature rating. Mummy-shaped bags are often preferred for backpacking because they maximise warmth while minimising weight. The snug fit helps to seal out drafts and reduce the amount of air space inside the bag that your body needs to heat. Additionally, a hood on a mummy bag can make a significant difference in keeping you warm.
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Weight and packability
When choosing a backpacking sleeping bag, weight and packability are key considerations. The weight and bulk of your sleeping bag are important because you will be carrying it on your back. The lightest, most packable bag within your budget is likely to be the best option, provided it will ensure a good night's sleep.
The weight of a sleeping bag is largely determined by its insulation and shape. Down insulation is generally lighter and more compressible than synthetic insulation. However, down is also more expensive and performs poorly when wet. Synthetic insulation dries faster than down and is better at retaining warmth when wet. However, it is less durable and less compressible than down.
If you're planning to hike in wet conditions, a synthetic sleeping bag may be the best option. Synthetic bags are also a good choice for inexperienced users who are less adept at keeping their sleeping bags dry. On the other hand, if you're confident that your tent will keep you dry, a down sleeping bag will help you cut down on weight and volume.
To compare the packability of different sleeping bags, look for the compressed volume specifications. Sleeping bags with a high fill power will also be more compressible. For example, the Sea to Summit Spark is an ultralight sleeping bag with 850 fill power goose down. The Feathered Friends Swallow YF 20 is another lightweight, packable option that features ergonomic shaping for superior warmth retention and comfort without excess weight.
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Shape: mummy or rectangular
When choosing a backpacking sleeping bag, one of the most important considerations is its shape, as this will determine its weight, warmth, and comfort.
Mummy sleeping bags have a tapered form, being wider at the shoulders and narrower at the feet, resembling a mummy’s shape. This tapered shape helps retain heat more efficiently as there is less empty space to warm up, making them suitable for cold-weather camping and mountaineering. They are also more lightweight and packable, making them a good choice for backpackers and hikers who need to save space. Mummy bags are also more portable and easier to carry, as they take up less space and are not as heavy as rectangular bags. Additionally, they have a contoured hood that can be cinched tight for greater warmth. However, the snug fit of mummy bags may be uncomfortable for some people, especially those who move a lot in their sleep or prefer to sleep in different positions.
Rectangular sleeping bags, on the other hand, offer a more traditional rectangular shape that provides ample room for both legs and arms to stretch out. They are generally more spacious and comfortable, making them ideal for those who prefer to have more freedom of movement during sleep. Rectangular bags can also be completely unzipped and used like a comforter, providing versatility in how they can be used. Additionally, rectangular bags can be a good option for couples, as they can be zipped together with another rectangular bag of the same model and brand. However, rectangular bags tend to be bulkier and heavier, making them less ideal for backpacking where weight and space are important considerations.
Ultimately, the decision between a mummy and a rectangular sleeping bag depends on individual preferences and needs. If warmth, weight, and space are your top priorities, a mummy bag might be the better choice. However, if you prioritize comfort and freedom of movement, a rectangular bag may be more suitable. It is recommended to try on different bags to determine which shape and brand provide the most comfortable fit for your body and sleeping habits.
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Budget
When choosing a backpacking sleeping bag on a budget, it's important to consider the features that are most important to you. Here are some tips to help you select a suitable option:
Temperature Rating
It is recommended to choose a sleeping bag with a temperature rating slightly lower than the typical low temperatures you expect to encounter. This is because you can always open up the bag to cool down when conditions are warmer. An "ISO" or "EN" temperature rating allows for reliable comparisons between different bags and brands. These standardised tests assign two temperature ratings: comfort and limit ratings.
Insulation Type
The type of insulation is an important consideration when choosing a backpacking sleeping bag. Down insulation is generally more expensive, lighter, more compressible, and durable compared to synthetic insulation. However, synthetic insulation is a more budget-friendly option and will keep you warmer than down when wet. It also dries quicker.
Weight and Packability
Backpacking sleeping bags should be lightweight and pack down to a small size. The Kelty Cosmic Down 20 is one of the cheaper down sleeping bags on the market, and it has received positive reviews for its weight and packability. The Marmot Trestles Elite Eco 20 is another budget-friendly synthetic option that is surprisingly light and packs down decently small.
Additional Features
Consider the additional features that enhance the functionality of the sleeping bag. For example, the Kelty Cosmic Down 20 features a zippered internal pocket for storing small items, while the Coleman Kompact 30 offers a "Roll Control" system that helps keep the bag straight while rolling.
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Frequently asked questions
The most important factors to consider are the type of insulation, temperature rating, weight, packability, and shape.
The two primary types of insulation are down feathers and synthetic fibers. Down insulation is generally warmer, lighter, and more compressible, but it is more expensive and loses its insulating properties when wet. Synthetic insulation is more durable and moisture-resistant, but it can be bulkier and heavier.
Consider the lowest temperature you expect to camp in and your personal metabolism (whether you tend to feel hot or cold). If you get cold easily, choose a bag rated 20 to 25 degrees colder than the coldest expected temperature. If you don't feel cold easily, a bag rated 5 to 15 degrees colder may be sufficient.
The two main shapes are mummy and rectangular. Mummy bags are snug and efficient in terms of warmth and weight, while rectangular bags offer more room. Some brands also offer modified mummy bags as a compromise between the two styles.
Yes, it's important to prioritize warmth and comfort over additional features. Weight and packability are crucial if you need to hike with your gear. Mummy bags with hoods are popular for backpacking due to their warmth and compact size. EN temperature ratings, such as EN 13537, can provide standardized guidance across brands. Finally, staying hydrated and wearing a warm hat can help you stay comfortable without too many layers.
