Evie Summers
Newborns are known for their erratic sleep schedules, with tiny tummies that need feeding every two to four hours, including overnight. This can be a challenging time for new parents, who may worry about their baby's sleep habits. However, it's important to remember that a newborn baby will sleep anywhere from 14 to 17 hours out of every 24. While newborns are restless sleepers, there are ways to ensure they get the rest they need. This includes creating a safe and comfortable sleeping environment, understanding their respiratory development, and practicing safe sleep habits to prevent accidents and reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of sleep hours | 14 to 17 hours out of every 24 hours |
| Awake time | 30 minutes to 1 hour at a stretch |
| Nap time | 15 minutes to 3 hours |
| Feeding time | Every 2 to 4 hours, including overnight |
| Sleeping position | On their back |
| Sleeping space | Crib, bassinet, play yard, co-sleeper |
| Room temperature | 68° to 72°F |
| Mattress | Firm, flat, waterproof, tightly fitted sheet |
| Swaddling | Until the baby starts to roll over |
| Dressing | No more than one extra layer than an adult |
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What You'll Learn
Safe sleep practices
Room-sharing and Sleeping Position:
- It is recommended to have your newborn sleep in the same room as you for the first six months. This arrangement reduces the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
- Always place your baby on their back when putting them to sleep. This position should be maintained at naptime, bedtime, and after feeding or changing your baby.
- Ensure your baby sleeps in a crib, bassinet, or play yard that meets safety standards. The sleeping area should have a firm, flat, waterproof mattress with a snug-fitting sheet.
- Keep the crib free from loose bedding, pillows, quilts, blankets, comforters, bumper pads, and toys until your baby is at least one year old. These objects can pose a suffocation hazard.
Temperature Regulation:
- Maintain a comfortable room temperature between 68°F and 72°F (16-20°C). It is better to have your baby slightly underdressed than heavily overdressed to prevent overheating, which is linked to an increased risk of SIDS.
- Dress your baby in one extra layer than you would wear yourself. If you feel comfortable in your cotton pyjamas, chances are your baby will too.
- Avoid covering your baby's head while sleeping. Keep their head and face uncovered to prevent overheating.
- Reassess your baby's clothing as the seasons change to ensure they are dressed appropriately for the temperature.
Swaddling and Sleep Sacks:
- Swaddling can be a safe and comforting option for newborns. Ensure the swaddle is not too tight and allows for leg movement to promote healthy hip development.
- Stop swaddling when your baby shows signs of rolling over or when they reach the milestone of rolling both ways, which typically happens around five to six months.
- If swaddling is not preferred, you can use a sleep sack or wearable blanket. These provide warmth and safety as your baby grows and becomes more active.
Safe Sleeping Environment:
- Avoid sleeping with your baby on a sofa, armchair, or in the same bed if you or your partner smoke, drink, or take medications that cause drowsiness.
- Ensure your baby's sleeping area is secure and stable, with a wide base to prevent accidental knocks or falls.
- Avoid using swings or inclined sleepers as they can restrict your baby's breathing by causing their head to slump forward.
Remember, safe sleep practices may evolve as your baby grows, so stay informed and adapt your practices accordingly.
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Sleeping in the same room
Keeping your newborn in the same room as you is the best place for them to sleep. It's cozier and more convenient, as you can easily hear and see if your baby spits up, has breathing trouble, or is uncomfortable. It also reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends keeping your baby in a bassinet, crib, or cosleeper in your room for the first 6 months of their life. The crib or bassinet should have a wide base so it's not easy to knock over, and a firm mattress with a snug fit. The sides should be at least 15 inches high, measured from the mattress base.
If you choose to swaddle your baby, make sure it's not too tight, as this can restrict their leg movement and affect hip development. You should also regularly check your baby's temperature to ensure they don't get too hot. Once your baby starts to roll over, it's time to stop swaddling and instead use a sleep sack or wearable blanket.
You can also give your baby an infant massage before bed, as studies suggest that this may help them produce more of the sleep-enhancing hormone melatonin.
Remember to keep the room temperature comfortable, between 68° and 72°F (16-20°C). It's better to have your baby slightly underdressed than heavily overdressed, as overheating is linked to an increased risk of SIDS.
Finally, always place your baby on their back to sleep, with their feet at the end of the crib or bassinet. Keep the crib or bassinet free of loose bedding, pillows, blankets, stuffed animals, and crib bumpers.
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Swaddling
To swaddle your baby, spread out a thin baby blanket with one corner folded over slightly. Lay your baby face-up on the blanket with their head above the folded corner. You can put their arms at their sides, cross them, or leave them out of the swaddle. Wrap the left corner over your baby's body and tuck it behind their back, going under their right arm. Bring the bottom corner up over your baby's feet and fold it down at their chest. Keep the blanket away from your baby's face and ensure their hips and knees are slightly bent and turned out. Make sure the blanket is not too tight; you should be able to slip your hand between the blanket and your baby's chest.
It can take time to learn how to swaddle correctly and safely, so be patient and ask your doctor or healthcare provider to show you how to do it. You can also find reliable step-by-step videos online. When done correctly, swaddling can be an effective technique to help calm infants and promote sleep. However, it is important to note that swaddling may not be suitable for all babies, and some may not seem to like it.
While swaddling can be beneficial, it is important to be aware of the potential risks associated with it. For example, swaddling has been linked to an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) when babies are put to sleep on their sides or bellies, especially for babies over six months old. Additionally, pulling the blanket too tightly when swaddling may increase the chance of hip dysplasia, a problem with the way the hip joints form. Therefore, it is crucial to follow safe swaddling practices and stop swaddling when your baby shows signs of starting to roll over or turn onto their side.
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Crib safety
When preparing a crib for your newborn, safety should be the top priority. Here are some essential crib safety tips to keep your baby safe and comfortable:
Crib Selection
When choosing a crib, opt for a new or recently manufactured crib that meets the latest safety standards. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has set strict guidelines for crib safety, which include stronger mattress supports, durable crib hardware, and rigorous safety testing. Cribs manufactured since 2011 should adhere to these standards. Avoid using secondhand or old cribs, especially those over ten years old, as they may not meet current safety requirements and could pose a risk to your baby's safety.
Crib Assembly
Ensure that the crib is properly assembled according to the manufacturer's instructions. Check for any missing, loose, broken, or improperly installed screws, brackets, or other hardware. All parts and slats should be in good condition, with no missing or cracked slats. The crib should have no missing, loose, or exposed staples, and the mesh should be securely attached to the top rail and floor plate, with no tears, holes, or loose threads that could entangle your baby.
Crib Placement
Place the crib in a safe location, away from windows, drapes, or blind cords. Your baby could potentially fall or become entangled in these cords, so it's important to keep them out of reach. Additionally, do not place the crib near heaters or radiators to prevent overheating.
Mattress and Bedding
Select a firm, tight-fitting mattress for the crib. Test the firmness by pushing on the center and sides of the mattress; it should spring back quickly. The mattress should fit snugly in the crib to prevent your baby from slipping between the mattress and the crib sides. Use a fitted bottom sheet specifically designed for crib use, and avoid using soft bedding, pillows, quilts, comforters, or stuffed toys in the crib, as they can increase the risk of suffocation. If you use a blanket, place your baby with their feet at the end of the crib, and tuck the blanket around the mattress, covering only up to their chest.
Safe Sleep Practices
Always place your newborn on their back in the crib to sleep. This sleeping position is recommended to reduce the risk of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) and prevent suffocation. Room-sharing with your baby for the first six months is also advised, as it can help reduce the risk of SIDS and make it easier for you to monitor your baby during the night.
Additionally, maintain a comfortable temperature in the room, between 68° and 72°F. It's better to have your baby slightly underdressed than heavily overdressed to prevent overheating, which is also a risk factor for SIDS.
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Dressing for sleep
When it comes to dressing your newborn for sleep, there are a few key considerations to keep in mind. Firstly, it's important to prioritise your baby's safety and comfort. Here are some tips to help you make informed decisions:
Room Temperature and Layers
It is recommended to maintain a room temperature between 16°C and 20°C or 68°F and 72°F. This range creates a comfortable and safe sleeping environment for your baby. Adjust the number of layers your baby wears depending on the room temperature. As a general rule, your baby should wear no more than one extra layer than you would wear yourself. If you feel comfortable in your cotton pyjamas, chances are your baby will too.
Swaddling
Swaddling is a great option for newborns as it helps them feel snug and secure, mimicking the environment of the womb. When swaddling, ensure the wrap is not too tight and allows for leg movement to promote healthy hip development. Stop swaddling once your baby starts to roll over, as it can become unsafe.
Sleep Sacks and Wearable Blankets
Sleep sacks or wearable blankets are excellent alternatives if swaddling is not for you or your baby. These provide warmth and comfort without the need for loose blankets, which can be a safety hazard. Choose options with appropriate TOG ratings based on the room temperature.
Safe Sleepwear Options
On warm nights, opt for lightweight and breathable clothing, such as short-sleeve cotton bodysuits or T-shirts. You can layer a muslin or cotton swaddle or sleep sack over the top. On cooler nights, consider thicker fabrics, such as footed sleepwear or onesies under pyjamas.
Avoiding Overheating
Overheating is a serious concern for newborns and has been linked to an increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Dress your baby in breathable fabrics, and avoid overdressing them. Keep their head and face uncovered, and regularly check for signs of overheating, such as sweating or feeling warm to the touch.
Safe Sleep Environment
In addition to dressing your baby appropriately, ensure their sleep environment is safe. Place your baby on their back to sleep on a firm, flat, and waterproof mattress. Keep the crib bare, removing all loose bedding, pillows, soft toys, and crib bumpers.
Remember, it's important to assess your baby's comfort and adjust their clothing or the room temperature as needed. By following these guidelines, you can help create a safe and comfortable sleeping environment for your newborn.
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Frequently asked questions
The safest way to put your newborn to sleep is to place them flat on their back in a crib, bassinet, or play yard. The crib/bassinet should be in the same room as you for the first 6 months to 1 year. The room temperature should be between 68° and 72°F (16-20°C) and the baby should be dressed in no more than one layer than an adult would wear. The crib should be bare with only a tight-fitting bottom sheet and no loose bedding, pillows, quilts, blankets, comforters, bumper pads, or toys.
The only object your newborn can safely sleep with is a pacifier, which can be introduced at bedtime and naptime. A pacifier can help reduce the risk of SIDS. Swaddling is also a safe option for newborns, but it is important to not swaddle too tight and to stop swaddling when the baby starts to roll over.
Unsafe sleeping options for newborns include sleeping on living room furniture, sleeping sitting upright (e.g. in a car seat or infant carrier), sleeping in an inclined sleeper, using a sleep positioner, and sleeping in poorly designed slings. It is also unsafe to sleep with your baby in your bed if you or your partner smoke, drink, or have taken drugs or medications that make you drowsy.
