Evie Summers
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a one-month period. The questionnaire generates seven component scores, which include subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of these scores yields a global score, which is used to identify good or poor sleepers and detect significant sleep disturbances. The PSQI has been translated into 56 languages and is widely used in psychiatric research and practice.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Purpose | To provide a reliable, valid, subjective standardized measure of sleep quality; to discriminate between "good" and "poor" sleepers; and to provide an easy and accurate index for patients to complete and for clinicians and researchers to interpret. |
| Type of Index | Self-rated questionnaire |
| Time Interval | 1 month |
| Number of Items | 19 |
| Number of Subdomains | 7 |
| Subdomain Examples | Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction |
| Scoring | The sum of scores for the seven components yields one global score. A score of 5 or more indicates poor sleep quality. |
| Use Cases | Used for multiple populations, including in the diagnosis of sleep disorders, and in clinical trials on sleep interventions to determine eligibility and demonstrate improvements in sleep over time. |
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What You'll Learn
The PSQI is a self-rated questionnaire
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month period. It was developed in 1988/1989 by Buysse and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh with no particular clinical population in mind. The questionnaire is intended to be a standardized sleep questionnaire for clinicians and researchers to use with ease and is used for multiple populations. It is the most commonly used generic measure in clinical and research settings.
The PSQI consists of 19 individual items, creating seven components that produce one global score. The seven components are:
- Subjective sleep quality
- Sleep latency
- Sleep duration
- Habitual sleep efficiency
- Sleep disturbances
- Use of sleeping medication
- Daytime dysfunction
Each of the 19 items is scored from 0 to 3, with the seven components' scores summed to create a total score out of 21. A score of 5 or more indicates poor sleep quality. The questionnaire takes 5–10 minutes to complete.
The PSQI is used to determine eligibility for clinical trials on sleep interventions and to demonstrate improvements in sleep over time. It has been translated into 56 languages and is recommended in independent reviews due to its reliability, validity, brevity, and accessibility as a free measure.
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It assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a month
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a month. It is a standardised sleep questionnaire for clinicians and researchers to use with ease and is used for multiple populations. The questionnaire has been used in many settings, including research and clinical activities, and has even been used in the diagnosis of sleep disorders.
The PSQI was developed in 1988 with no particular clinical population in mind. It was designed to provide a reliable, valid, subjective, standardised measure of sleep quality; to discriminate between "good" and "poor" sleepers; and to provide an easy and accurate index for patients to complete and for clinicians and researchers to interpret.
The questionnaire consists of 19 items with seven subdomains: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of the scores for these seven components yields one global score. Scores range from 0 to 3, with a total score of 21, and a score of 5 or more indicates poor sleep quality.
The PSQI has been translated into 56 languages and is the most commonly used generic measure in clinical and research settings.
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It has 19 items and seven subdomains
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. It was developed in 1988 with no particular clinical population in mind. The questionnaire takes 5–10 minutes to complete and is used to determine eligibility for clinical trials on sleep interventions, with scores of ≥ 5 indicating "poor sleep quality".
The PSQI has 19 items and seven subdomains or components. The 19 individual items generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score.
The seven subdomains are as follows:
- Subjective sleep quality
- Sleep latency
- Sleep duration
- Habitual sleep efficiency
- Sleep disturbances
- Use of sleeping medication
- Daytime dysfunction
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The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month interval. It was developed in 1988 with no particular clinical population in mind, to provide a reliable, valid, subjective, standardised measure of sleep quality. The questionnaire has 19 items, which are used to generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction.
The PSQI is a standardised sleep questionnaire that is easy for patients to complete and for clinicians and researchers to interpret. It is used for multiple populations and has been translated into 56 languages. The questionnaire takes 5-10 minutes to complete.
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It is used to determine eligibility and demonstrate improvements in sleep over time
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. It is a standardised sleep questionnaire for clinicians and researchers to use with ease and is used for multiple populations. The questionnaire has been used in many settings, including research and clinical activities, and has been used in the diagnosis of sleep disorders.
The PSQI is commonly used to determine eligibility, with a "global score" of 5 or more indicating "poor sleep quality". The questionnaire consists of 19 individual items, creating seven components that produce one global score. These seven components are: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of the scores for these seven components yields one global score.
The PSQI has been deemed reliable and valid in the assessment of sleep problems to some degree, especially with self-reported sleep problems and depression-related symptoms. The questionnaire takes 5-10 minutes to complete and is used to demonstrate improvements in sleep over time.
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