
Exercise is a great way to improve your sleep quality. Research has shown that physical activity can improve sleep quality and reduce daytime sleepiness. The best exercises for sleep vary from person to person, but generally, aerobic or cardio exercises are recommended. These exercises promote rapid breathing and faster heartbeats, which can improve blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease. Additionally, aerobic exercises release endorphins, which can create a level of brain activity that keeps some people awake, so it is recommended to finish aerobic exercise 1-2 hours before bedtime. Other exercises that can improve sleep quality include simple stretches, which can improve blood flow and relieve muscle tension, and breathing exercises, which can reduce stress and prepare the body for sleep.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Exercise type | Aerobic, cardio, strength training, resistance training, stretching, breathing exercises |
| Exercise intensity | Moderate-intensity exercises are most effective; high-intensity exercises, especially close to bedtime, may negatively impact sleep |
| Time of day | There is no consensus on the best time of day to exercise for better sleep; some sources recommend exercising during the day or in the afternoon, while others suggest that time of day does not matter |
| Exercise duration | 30 minutes of exercise per day is sufficient to improve sleep quality |
| Exercise frequency | Regular physical activity is key to improving sleep quality; studies have found that exercising 4-7 times per week for at least 30 minutes improves sleep quality |
| Bidirectional relationship | Exercise improves sleep quality, and better sleep leads to increased energy for working out |
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What You'll Learn

The bidirectional relationship between exercise and sleep
Exercise has long been associated with better sleep, and there is a bidirectional relationship between the two. Research has shown that adults with poor sleep are less active than those who sleep well, and this relationship is also seen in children. Poor sleep may contribute to low physical activity levels, and low activity during the day can result in a shorter sleep duration at night.
There is also a positive feedback loop between sleep and exercise. When you get a good night's sleep, you are more likely to have the energy to work out the next day. In turn, when you exercise, it promotes better sleep.
To improve your sleep, it is recommended to get at least 30 minutes of exercise per day. This can include cardio, resistance training, or simple stretches. Cardio exercise increases the amount of slow-wave sleep you get, which refers to deep sleep when the brain and body rejuvenate. It also releases endorphins, which can keep some people awake, so it is recommended to finish cardio 1-2 hours before bedtime. Resistance training and stretching can help improve blood flow and relieve muscle tension, allowing you to relax better before sleeping.
While the relationship between exercise and sleep is clear, the mechanism behind it is not. Some people find that exercising too late in the day interferes with their sleep, while others find that the time of day does not matter. Core body temperature increases during exercise, which signals to the body that it is time to be awake, and it takes 30-90 minutes for the temperature to start falling again, facilitating sleepiness.
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The impact of exercise intensity and timing
However, intense or late-night workouts have been traditionally discouraged due to their potential negative impact on sleep. High-intensity physical activities, especially close to bedtime, may interfere with sleep quality. This is because aerobic exercise releases endorphins, which can increase brain activity and make it challenging for some individuals to fall asleep. Therefore, it is recommended to finish cardio exercises 1 to 2 hours before bedtime to allow endorphin levels to decrease and give the brain time to wind down.
On the other hand, some people find that the time of day they exercise does not significantly impact their sleep. They may experience improved sleep regardless of whether they work out in the morning or closer to bedtime. This highlights the importance of listening to your body and understanding your unique response to exercise timing and intensity.
To optimize your sleep, experiment with different workout times and intensities. Try moderate-intensity exercises during the day, in the afternoon, or a few hours before bedtime to determine what works best for you. Additionally, aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise, including both cardio and resistance training, to promote better sleep quality.
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Aerobic exercises and sleep
Aerobic exercises are an effective way to improve sleep quality and facilitate better sleep. Studies have shown that moderate aerobic exercises increase the amount of slow-wave sleep, which refers to deep sleep, allowing the brain and body to rejuvenate. Additionally, aerobic exercises can stabilize your mood and decompress the mind, aiding the natural transition to sleep.
Aerobic exercises cause the body to release endorphins, which are chemicals that can increase brain activity and keep some individuals awake. Therefore, it is recommended to finish aerobic exercises 1-2 hours before bedtime, allowing endorphin levels to decrease and giving the brain time to wind down.
The timing of aerobic exercises is important, as they can raise core body temperature, signaling to the body clock that it is time to be awake. However, 30 to 90 minutes after exercising, the core body temperature starts to drop, facilitating sleepiness. While some people may find that exercising close to bedtime interferes with sleep, others may not be affected by the timing of their workouts. It is essential to listen to your body and understand how the timing of exercise impacts your sleep.
Engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise can improve sleep quality, and the benefits can be seen as soon as the same night. Regular aerobic exercises, ranging from mild to moderate intensity, can significantly enhance sleep quality and reduce fatigue levels, as seen in studies involving female dormitory residents. Similarly, a 16-week program of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improved self-reported sleep quality in older adults with chronic insomnia.
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Stretching and sleep
Exercise is a great way to improve your sleep quality. However, some forms of exercise, such as cardio, can increase your heart rate and body temperature, making it difficult to fall asleep. Stretching, on the other hand, is a gentle form of physical activity that can help you relax and prepare your body for sleep without these stimulating side effects.
Stretching before bed can help you fall asleep faster and improve your overall sleep quality. It does so by improving blood flow, relieving muscle tension, and preventing sleep-disrupting cramps and spasms. Stretching can also increase the amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep you get, which is when your brain organizes and stores memories.
To incorporate stretching into your bedtime routine, plan to stretch around 30 minutes to an hour before bedtime. This will give you enough time to relax and unwind before falling asleep. Start with some deep breaths to calm your mind and relax your body. Then, gently extend your muscle groups, focusing on areas such as the neck, shoulders, upper back, calves, hamstrings, and quads, which are commonly tense from daily activities.
- Neck Stretch: Place your right hand on your tailbone, palm facing out. Gently guide your head toward your left hip while reaching your right hand down. Hold for 20 to 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.
- Lying "T" Twist: Lie on your back and twist your upper body to one side, opening up your thoracic spine and releasing tightness in your hips, neck, or pecs.
- Child's Pose: Come down on your knees, sitting back on your heels, and relax your body forward, resting your forehead on the floor or a pillow. This stretch helps to relieve tension in your back, shoulders, and neck.
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Breathing exercises for sleep
Breathing exercises can be a great way to improve sleep quality and duration. They can help calm your mind and body, making it easier to fall and stay asleep.
Breathing exercises are activities that can improve respiratory function and reduce anxiety and stress. Slow, controlled breathing activates your parasympathetic nervous system, encouraging your body to move out of stress mode and relax. This, in turn, decreases your heart rate and blood pressure, helping you get sleepy.
How to do breathing exercises for sleep
- Set the stage: Make your sleep environment comfortable and soothing. You can dim the lights, turn off electronic devices, cool down the temperature, or light a calming scented candle.
- Establish a routine: Try to perform your breathing exercises at the same time each night. This consistency signals to your body that it's time to wind down and prepare for sleep.
- Choose a technique: Experiment with different breathing exercises to find the most relaxing ones for you. Remember, there's no one-size-fits-all approach to relaxation and sleep.
- Take your time: Don't rush through the exercises. Focus on each breath, noticing the sensation of the air entering and leaving your body. This mindfulness promotes relaxation and sleep readiness.
- Use tools: Consider using apps or guided meditations to help you through your breathing exercises. These tools can provide additional resources and sounds to enhance your sleep environment.
Examples of breathing exercises for sleep
The 4-7-8 Breathing Technique:
- Part your lips gently and exhale completely, making a breathy "whooshing" sound.
- Press your lips together and silently inhale through your nose for a count of four seconds.
- Hold your breath for a count of seven seconds.
- Exhale again through your mouth for a full eight seconds, making the same "whooshing" sound.
- Repeat this cycle three more times for a total of four breaths. Eventually, work up to eight repetitions.
Three-Part Breathing Exercise:
- Take a long, deep inhale.
- Exhale fully while focusing on your body and how it feels.
- After a few cycles, slow down your exhale so that it's twice as long as your inhale.
- Lie down and place one hand on your chest and the other on your stomach. Breathe slowly through your nose, keeping your chest still while your stomach rises and falls.
- Eventually, aim to breathe in a way that your chest remains still.
Incorporating these breathing exercises into your bedtime routine can be a great way to improve your sleep quality and overall well-being. Remember to be consistent and patient as you practice these techniques, allowing yourself to fully relax and reap the benefits of improved sleep.
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Frequently asked questions
Both cardio and resistance training can help promote better sleep. Cardio exercises include jogging, walking, hiking, and biking. Resistance exercises include sit-ups, push-ups, and weightlifting.
There is no one best time to exercise. However, it is recommended to avoid exercising within one to three hours of bedtime so that sleep isn't affected.
Exercise helps to stabilize your mood and decompress the mind, which is important for transitioning to sleep. It also increases the amount of slow-wave sleep or deep sleep you get, allowing your brain and body to rejuvenate.
































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