Evie Summers
Sleeping bags are a common feature of camping trips and sleepovers, but some parents may worry about the safety of their children using them. While it is extremely unlikely that a healthy person would suffocate in a sleeping bag, there is a risk of mild hypoxia symptoms, and increased humidity inside the bag can cause condensation. For babies, the risk of suffocation is higher, and soft bedding, overlaying, wedging, and plastic bags are the most common causes of sleep-related suffocation.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Can a child suffocate in a sleeping bag? | It is extremely unlikely for a healthy person to suffocate in a sleeping bag as they are breathable and not airtight. However, there is a small chance of suffocation for children due to their curiosity and need to play. |
| Factors that increase the risk of suffocation | Sleeping bags with poor breathability, sleeping bag hoods, sleeping at the bottom of the bag, underlying health conditions such as heart disease |
| Other common causes of child suffocation | Plastic bags, soft bedding, overlay, wedging, fabric baby slings, nappy sacks |
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What You'll Learn
Sleeping bag material and breathability
Sleeping bags are made from a variety of materials, including cotton, canvas, polyester, nylon, and flannel. The breathability of a sleeping bag is an important factor to consider, especially when camping or backpacking in cooler climates.
Breathable fabrics are essential for maintaining comfort and safety while sleeping outdoors. They help regulate body temperature and prevent the buildup of condensation inside the bag. Some materials, like cotton and canvas, are praised for their cozy, weighted feel, while others, like nylon and polyester, are known for their durability and water repellency.
The shape and style of a sleeping bag can also impact breathability. Mummy bags, for example, are designed to be snug to conserve body heat, while rectangular bags offer more room to move around. Backpacking bags tend to be lighter and more compact, while camping bags are typically larger and heavier, allowing for more features like spacious dimensions and rectangular shapes.
When choosing a sleeping bag, it's important to consider factors such as temperature ratings, weight, packability, and ventilation options like zippers. While a snug-fitting hood can provide extra warmth, it's crucial to ensure adequate ventilation to prevent high humidity and condensation.
In terms of child safety, it's recommended that babies under 12 months use lightweight sleeping bags without hoods to prevent the risk of suffocation. For older children, the risk of suffocation is generally lower, but it's still important to be cautious with plastic bags and sheets, as they pose a significant suffocation hazard for toddlers.
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Sleeping bag safety for babies under 12 months
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all babies under the age of 12 months sleep on their back on a solid bed that is free of loose bedding, pillows, or anything that could create a suffocation or entrapment danger. This immediately eliminates standard sleeping bags as suitable for babies. However, some sleeping bags designed for babies can be safe and help reduce the risk of SIDS by preventing babies from wriggling under their bedding.
Choosing a baby sleeping bag
When choosing a baby sleeping bag, ensure it adheres to safety guidelines and carries a safety standard marking (BS EN 16781:2018). The neck opening must not be too wide, and shoulder straps are essential to avoid a suffocation hazard. The lining and fasteners must not be loose or easily removable, as this can pose a choking hazard. The tog value must be clearly marked, and the correct rating should be used to avoid overheating. The Lullaby Trust offers the following advice:
> Baby sleeping bags are a good option as they prevent your baby’s head from being covered by wriggling under bedding. You can choose different togs for different seasons to help keep your baby at the right temperature. It is important that the sleeping bag fits well around the shoulders so that your baby’s head does not slip down into the bag.
Other safety considerations
Babies under 12 months should not use duvets or quilts, as they may not be able to push them away from their faces. Never use a pillow with a baby under 12 months old, as they can naturally grasp things and pull them towards their mouths but find it difficult to let go. Nappy sacks can also pose a suffocation risk, as they are very thin and can cling to a baby's face.
Additionally, it is recommended that babies sleep in a cot or Moses basket in the same room as their caregiver for the first six months. The mattress should be firm, flat, and waterproof, and there should be no toys or other objects that could cover the baby's mouth or nose.
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Safe sleeping positions for children
Children often wriggle and squirm in their sleep, but they do not have the same control over their bodies as adults. This means that they may not be able to move out of a dangerous situation, such as if they are suffocating.
Babies under 12 months
Babies under 12 months old should not use a pillow or duvet. Instead, it is recommended to use blankets or a lightweight sleeping bag without a hood that is the right size to stop the baby from wriggling down into it. The baby's feet should touch the end of the cot to prevent them from squirming down under the covers.
Children under 5
Plastic bags and sheets are the greatest suffocation risk for children between the ages of 3 and 5. They are big enough to reach things that are not safe for them, so keep plastic bags out of reach and out of sight. If you get rid of them, your toddler won’t be able to play with them.
Older children
Older children may enjoy sleeping in sleeping bags. While it is extremely unlikely that a healthy person would suffocate in a sleeping bag, it is recommended that the child's face is always sticking out of the bag. This is because, when you sleep with your head inside a sleeping bag, the moisture in your breath will make the insulation damp, which will make you colder.
General advice
It is dangerous to put a baby down to sleep on a sofa, as they can suffocate if they get stuck in the gaps or cushions. Similarly, some young babies have tragically suffocated in fabric baby slings when in a C-shaped position with their chin on their chest, as this can restrict their breathing.
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Suffocation risks for toddlers
While there are no recorded instances of people suffocating in a sleeping bag, it is important to be aware of the suffocation risks that toddlers face. Toddlers are curious and mobile enough to explore their surroundings, which means they can easily get into dangerous situations. Here are some key risks to be aware of:
Plastic bags: Plastic bags are one of the greatest suffocation risks for toddlers. They are big enough to reach and grab things, so keep plastic bags out of their reach and sight. Get rid of any plastic bags that are not being used, and always tie a knot near the top of plastic bags that are in use. That way, your toddler won't be able to open it and put it over their head.
Sofas and cushions: Most sofas have large gaps and are covered in cushions, which can cause suffocation if a toddler gets stuck. Avoid letting your toddler sleep on the sofa, and always supervise them when they are playing on one.
Baby slings and carriers: While these are convenient for parents, they can pose a suffocation risk for babies and young toddlers. If you use a sling or carrier, always follow safety advice and ensure it is suitable for your child's age and developmental stage. Check that buckles and straps are secure, and always remove your child from the sling if they fall asleep.
Blankets and bedding: Young babies and toddlers can wriggle under blankets and bedding, potentially restricting their breathing. Avoid using duvets or quilts with babies under 12 months, and never use a pillow with a baby less than 12 months old. Instead, opt for a lightweight sleeping bag without a hood that is the right size to prevent your baby from wriggling down into it.
Soft surfaces: Infants and young toddlers should not sleep on soft surfaces such as comforters, fluffy rugs, or soft mattresses. They can get stuck in a position that blocks their breathing. Always place infants on their backs on a firm mattress for sleep, and avoid bed-sharing.
It is important to be vigilant about these risks and take steps to create a safe environment for your toddler. By being aware and taking preventative measures, you can significantly reduce the risk of suffocation.
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Alternatives to sleeping bags for children
While sleeping bags are a great option for children, there are a few alternatives that can be considered. Here are some options:
Blankets
Blankets are a classic choice for keeping children warm at night. It is important to ensure that the blanket is not too heavy for the child to move away from their face if needed. Blankets made from breathable materials such as cotton or wool can help regulate body temperature and provide comfort.
Cots or Cribs
For younger children or babies, cots or cribs can be a safe alternative to sleeping bags. They provide a designated space for the child to sleep and can be equipped with breathable mesh sides to ensure adequate airflow. Cots and cribs often come with firm mattresses designed to support the child's growing body.
Sleep Sacks or Wearable Blankets
Sleep sacks, also known as wearable blankets, are a type of garment that covers the child's body and keeps them warm while sleeping. They are designed to be safe and comfortable, allowing the child's arms and head to move freely while preventing the risk of suffocation associated with loose blankets.
Co-Sleeping or Bed-Sharing
Co-sleeping or bed-sharing involves having your child sleep in the same bed as you or in a bedside bassinet or crib. This option allows for close supervision and can provide comfort and reassurance to both the child and the parent. However, it is important to follow safe sleep guidelines, such as ensuring there are no gaps between the bed and the wall or furniture where a child could become trapped.
Sleeping Pods or Beds
For older children who have outgrown sleeping bags, transitioning to a sleeping pod or a regular bed with comfortable bedding can be a good alternative. Sleeping pods are enclosed structures that provide a sense of security and privacy while allowing for adequate airflow and ventilation. Regular beds can be made cosy and inviting with soft linens and blankets.
It is important to consider the age, size, and sleeping habits of your child when choosing an alternative to a sleeping bag. Additionally, ensuring proper ventilation and airflow in the sleeping environment is crucial to prevent the risk of suffocation or overheating.
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Frequently asked questions
It is extremely unlikely that a healthy person would suffocate in a breathable sleeping bag. However, children can wriggle and squirm and it may be difficult for them to move out of a dangerous situation. It is recommended that you are close by when your child is sleeping in a sleeping bag and that their face is always sticking out of the bag.
Unintentional suffocation is the leading cause of injury death among infants (1 year old) in the United States. Soft bedding, overlay, wedging, and plastic bags are common causes of suffocation in babies.
Toddlers are very curious and mobile, so they will be exploring and picking up things. Plastic bags and sheets are the greatest suffocation risk for 3-5-year-olds.
Some general tips to prevent suffocation in children include keeping plastic bags out of reach and out of sight, using blankets instead of duvets or quilts for babies under 12 months, and never using a pillow with a baby less than 12 months old.
